13 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

("drug-induced" OR "drug-related") AND ("adverse events" OR "side effects" OR "side-effects")

These pubmed results were generated on 2020/04/03

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

[Hepatotoxicity associated with tumor immune checkpoint inhibitors].

Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2020 Feb 20;28(2):175-178

Authors: Lei XH, Tang YY, Li J, Mao YM

Abstract
Although tumor immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy brings survival benefits to cancer patients, it also faces many challenges, such as the occurrence of immune-mediated hepatotoxicity. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the conditions, possible mechanisms, and risk factors that cause liver injury during the treatment of tumor immune checkpoint inhibitors will facilitate better clinical management.

PMID: 32164073 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Review: In multiepisode schizophrenia, most antipsychotic drugs improve symptoms; adverse effects vary by drug.

Ann Intern Med. 2019 11 19;171(10):JC57

Authors: Budenholzer B

PMID: 31739340 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Meta-Analysis Comparing the Relative Risk of Adverse Events for Amiodarone Versus Placebo.

Am J Cardiol. 2019 12 15;124(12):1889-1893

Authors: Ruzieh M, Moroi MK, Aboujamous NM, Ghahramani M, Naccarelli GV, Mandrola J, Foy AJ

Abstract
Amiodarone has been associated with adverse events that may restrict its use. We performed a meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials to assess the relative risk of adverse events of amiodarone compared with placebo. In total, 43 randomized trials were included. A total of 11,395 patients were included (5,792 patients randomized to amiodarone and 5,603 patients randomized to placebo). The incident rate of adverse events per 10,000 person-years was higher in the amiodarone group compared with placebo for pulmonary (129 vs 74; relative risk (RR) 1.77, p = 0.002), thyroid (201 vs 42; RR 4.44, p <0.001), hepatic (54 vs 25; RR 2.27, p = 0.01), cardiac (771 vs 450; RR 1.94, p <0.001), neurological (140 vs 76; RR 1.93, p <0.001), and skin (81 vs 23; RR 1.99, p = 0.04) adverse events. Low-dose amiodarone was not associated with statistically significant increase in pulmonary adverse events but was still associated with thyroid and liver adverse events. In conclusion, the likelihood of experiencing adverse events related to amiodarone was higher than that of placebo. The overall rate of adverse events however, was low, and severe adverse events were rare.

PMID: 31653351 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

General public's perspectives of issues relating to misuse of medicines: a cross-sectional survey in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Int J Clin Pharm. 2019 Oct;41(5):1148-1151

Authors: Tobaiqy M, Radwi M, Alhasan AH, Basaeed LF, Stewart D

Abstract
Background Misuse of prescription medicines is a global issue potentially resulting in severe consequences including adverse drug reactions, dependence, tolerance, increased healthcare utility and mortality. Objective To assess the public's perspectives of issues relating to medicines misuse. Method A survey of members of the public ( ≥ 18 years) attending medication safety awareness campaigns in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire comprised: issues relating to misuse of prescription medicines; medicines used without being prescribed by a physician; and suggestions to reduce misuse. Potential participants were approached opportunistically during the campaigns, with those agreeing to participate administered the questionnaire and responses recorded electronically. Results Of the 511 respondents, 59 (11.5%) did not always have their prescription medicines prescribed by a physician, and 196 (38.4%) were uncertain. Commonly cited medicines obtained from sources other than a physician were analgesics (n = 375, 73.2%), antibiotics (n = 57, 11.2%), antipyretics (n = 33, 6.5%) and narcotics (n = 4, 0.8%). More than half (n = 282, 55.2%) claimed to know someone who had misused medicines, some with serious consequences including hospitalization (n = 96, 34.0%) and death (n = 14, 5.0%). Conclusion This general public survey has identified that issues of misuses of medicines in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia persist and may compromise safety and effectiveness of care.

PMID: 31576480 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Ertapenem Monotherapy versus Gentamicin Plus Metronidazole for Perforated Appendicitis in Pediatric Patients.

Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2019 Dec;20(8):625-630

Authors: Pogorelić Z, Silov N, Jukić M, Elezović Baloević S, Poklepović Peričić T, Jerončić A

Abstract
Background: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of ertapenem versus a combination of gentamicin plus metronidazole in pediatric patients with diffuse peritonitis attributable to perforated appendicitis. Methods: From January 2017 to January 2019, 80 pediatric patients with a median age of 13 years who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy because of perforated appendicitis with diffuse peritonitis were enrolled. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups of 40 patients each to receive ertapenem or combination therapy. The groups were compared regarding demographic/clinical data and outcomes of treatment. The main outcome measures were duration of hospitalization, time to achieving an afebrile state, post-operative complications, antibiotic treatment failure, and time to the start of enteral feeding. Results: The median length of the hospital stay was 5 and 8 days in the ertapenem and combination therapy groups, respectively (p < 0.0001). Patients in the ertapenem group took two days less to become afebrile (p < 0.0001). No post-operative complications were recorded in the ertapenem group, whereas in the combination therapy group, three complications were noted, but this difference was not significant (p = 0.2392). Furthermore, all patients in the ertapenem group responded to therapy, whereas in the combination therapy group, two antibiotic treatment failures were recorded, a diffrence that again was not significant (p = 0.4739). There was no difference in the time to the start of enteral feeding in the two groups. Conclusion: Both ertapenem and gentamicin plus metronidazole are safe and effective therapeutic options for the treatment of diffuse peritonitis in pediatric patients. Treatment with ertapenem results in lower complication rates, a shorter time to an afebrile state, and a shorter hospital stay.

PMID: 31099712 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Nintedanib in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Practical Management Recommendations for Potential Adverse Events.

Respiration. 2019;97(2):173-184

Authors: Bendstrup E, Wuyts W, Alfaro T, Chaudhuri N, Cornelissen R, Kreuter M, Melgaard Nielsen K, Münster AB, Myllärniemi M, Ravaglia C, Vanuytsel T, Wijsenbeek M

Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease with a dismal survival rate of only 3 years and no curative pharmacological therapy. The recent approval of 2 anti-fibrotic drugs (nintedanib and pirfenidone) that slow disease progression has provided some hope for patients. However, effectively managing anti-fibrotic treatment can be a challenge due to tolerability issues, the presence of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary comorbidities, and the need for concomitant medications in many patients. In general, making clear evidence-based decisions can be difficult for physicians because patients with comorbidities are often excluded from clinical trials. Since currently anti-fibrotic drugs are the only effective therapeutics capable of slowing disease progression, it is imperative that all treatment options are thoroughly evaluated and exhausted in each individual, irrespective of complicating factors, to permit the best outcome for the patient. In this review, we present data from clinical trials, post hoc analyses, post-marketing surveillance, and real-world studies that are relevant to the management of nintedanib treatment. In addition, we also provide practical recommendations developed by a multidisciplinary panel of experts for the management of nintedanib treatment in patients with IPF associated complications and those experiencing gastrointestinal side effects.

PMID: 30544129 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Comprehensive Evaluation of Compendial USP<71>, BacT/Alert Dual-T, and Bactec FX for Detection of Product Sterility Testing Contaminants.

J Clin Microbiol. 2019 02;57(2):

Authors: England MR, Stock F, Gebo JET, Frank KM, Lau AF

Abstract
The emergence of cell therapy programs in large academic centers has led to an increasing demand for clinical laboratories to assist with product sterility testing. Automated blood culture systems have shown promise as alternatives to the manual USP<71> compendial method, but current published data are limited by small organism test sets, particularly for molds. In 2015, failure of the Bactec FX system to detect mold contamination in two products prompted us to evaluate three test systems (compendial USP<71>, Bactec FX, and BacT/Alert Dual-T) over seven different culture combinations, using 118 challenge organisms representative of the NIH current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) environment. At <96 h and <144 h for bacterial and fungal detection, respectively, the compendial USP<71> method significantly outperformed the Bactec FX system (84.7% versus 64.4%; P = 0.0006) but not the BacT/Alert system at 32.5°C (78.8%; P = 0.3116). Extended incubation to 360 h with terminal visual inspection improved sensitivity, without a significant difference between compendial USP<71> and BacT/Alert testing (95.7% versus 89.0%; P = 0.0860); both systems were better than the Bactec FX system (71.2%; P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0003, respectively). The Bactec FX and BacT/Alert systems performed equivalently for 30 isolates derived from clinical bloodstream infections, confirming system optimization for clinical organisms rather than environmental contaminants. Paired Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) plates were always positive for fungi within the acceptable time frame. This study shows that the Bactec FX system is suboptimal for product sterility testing, and it provides strong data to support the use of BacT/Alert testing at 32.5°C paired with a supplemental SDA plate as an acceptable alternative to the compendial USP<71> method for product sterility testing.

PMID: 30541938 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Adverse drug reactions in dentistry.

Int Dent J. 2020 Apr;70(2):79-84

Authors: Ouanounou A, Ng K, Chaban P

Abstract
An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is an undesirable effect of a drug. ADRs are possible with any medication that is prescribed or administered in the dental office. While most pharmacological agents in use today have favourable drug profiles and are relatively safe, the prudent clinician must be aware of the potential ADRs that can occur and be prepared to manage any complications. Here we review the most commonly used agents in dentistry, namely local anaesthetics, sedatives, analgesics and antibiotics, and their ADRs and management.

PMID: 31944297 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Pharmacoepidemiology research: delivering evidence about drug safety and effectiveness in mental health.

Lancet Psychiatry. 2020 04;7(4):363-370

Authors: Davis KAS, Farooq S, Hayes JF, John A, Lee W, MacCabe JH, McIntosh A, Osborn DPJ, Stewart RJ, Woelbert E

Abstract
Research that provides an evidence base for the pharmacotherapy of people with mental disorders is needed. The abundance of digital data has facilitated pharmacoepidemiology and, in particular, observational research on the effectiveness of real-world medication. Advantages of pharmacoepidemiological research are the availability of large patient samples, and coverage of under-researched subpopulations in their naturalistic conditions. Such research is also cheaper and quicker to do than randomised controlled trials, meaning that issues regarding generic medication, stopping medication (deprescribing), and long-term outcomes are more likely to be addressed. Pharmacoepidemiological methods can also be extended to pharmacovigilance and to aid the development of new purposes for existing drugs. Drawbacks of observational pharmacoepidemiological studies come from the non-randomised nature of treatment selection, leading to confounding by indication. Potential methods for managing this drawback include active comparison groups, within-individual designs, and propensity scoring. Many of the more rigorous pharmacoepidemiology studies have been strengthened through multiple analytical approaches triangulated to improve confidence in inferred causal relationships. With developments in data resources and analytical techniques, it is encouraging that guidelines are beginning to include evidence from robust observational pharmacoepidemiological studies alongside randomised controlled trials. Collaboration between guideline writers and researchers involved in pharmacoepidemiology could help researchers to answer the questions that are important to policy makers and ensure that results are integrated into the evidence base. Further development of statistical and data science techniques, alongside public engagement and capacity building (data resources and researcher base), will be necessary to take full advantage of future opportunities.

PMID: 31780306 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Deprescribing in Older Adults With Cardiovascular Disease.

J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 05 28;73(20):2584-2595

Authors: Krishnaswami A, Steinman MA, Goyal P, Zullo AR, Anderson TS, Birtcher KK, Goodlin SJ, Maurer MS, Alexander KP, Rich MW, Tjia J, Geriatric Cardiology Section Leadership Council, American College of Cardiology

Abstract
Deprescribing, an integral component of a continuum of good prescribing practices, is the process of medication withdrawal or dose reduction to correct or prevent medication-related complications, improve outcomes, and reduce costs. Deprescribing is particularly applicable to the commonly encountered multimorbid older adult with cardiovascular disease and concomitant geriatric conditions such as polypharmacy, frailty, and cognitive dysfunction-a combination rarely addressed in current clinical practice guidelines. Triggers to deprescribe include present or expected adverse drug reactions, unnecessary polypharmacy, and the need to align medications with goals of care when life expectancy is reduced. Using a framework to deprescribe, this review addresses the rationale, evidence, and strategies for deprescribing cardiovascular and some noncardiovascular medications.

PMID: 31118153 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Meloxicam-desmopressin drug-drug interaction producing hyponatremia.

Psychiatry Res. 2019 09;279:284-286

Authors: Bojdani E, Chen A, Buonocore S, Li KJ, Gurrera R

Abstract
BACKGROUND: People with schizophrenia and medical comorbidities are often on multiple medications to manage their symptoms. Herein we present a case of drug-drug interaction (meloxicam and desmopressin), in a patient also on clozapine, that ultimately resulted in hyponatremia and seizure.
METHODS: The patient provided consent to have his case published. We searched PubMed and after reviewing 321 articles, 11 were chosen for relevance.
RESULTS: Meloxicam enhanced the adverse effect (hyponatremia) of desmopressin and was the likely culprit.
CONCLUSIONS: In a patient with higher ADH levels, as in our patient taking desmopressin, the addition of an NSAID could further increase water retention and worsen hyponatremia; indeed, meloxicam was the only new medication added to the patient's regimen, and a drug interaction calculator supports the desmopressin-meloxicam drug-drug interaction as the culprit. We urge clinicians to avoid the use of desmopressin in patients with schizophrenia as this can lead to water intoxication. As meloxicam may worsen desmopressin-induced hyponatremia and could result in seizure, one should avoid using NSAIDs in patients with schizophrenia whom are also prescribed vasopressin/desmopressin. Serum sodium levels should be closely monitored in patients with schizophrenia whose regimen includes desmopressin.

PMID: 31084937 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Potential of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Managing Chemotherapy- or Radiotherapy-Related Intestinal Microbial Dysbiosis.

Adv Nutr. 2019 01 01;10(1):133-147

Authors: Zhang Y, Zhang B, Dong L, Chang P

Abstract
Chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-related intestinal microbial dysbiosis is one of the main causes of intestinal mucositis. Cases of bacterial translocation into peripheral blood and subsequent sepsis occur as a result of dysfunction in the intestinal barrier. Evidence from recent studies depicts the characteristics of chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-related intestinal microbial dysbiosis, which creates an imbalance between beneficial and harmful bacteria in the gut. Decreases in beneficial bacteria can lead to a weakening of the resistance of the gut to harmful bacteria, resulting in robust activation of proinflammatory signaling pathways. For example, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-producing bacteria activate the nuclear transcription factor-κB signaling pathway through binding with Toll-like receptor 4 on stressed epithelial cells, subsequently leading to secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Nevertheless, various studies have found that the omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid can reverse intestinal microbial dysbiosis by increasing beneficial bacteria species, including Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and butyrate-producing bacteria, such as Roseburia and Coprococcus. In addition, the n-3 PUFAs decrease the proportions of LPS-producing and mucolytic bacteria in the gut, and they can reduce inflammation as well as oxidative stress. Importantly, the n-3 PUFAs also exert anticancer effects in colorectal cancers. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-related intestinal microbial dysbiosis and introduce the contributions of dysbiosis to the pathogenesis of intestinal mucositis. Next, we discuss how n-3 PUFAs could alleviate chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-related intestinal microbial dysbiosis. This review provides new insights into the clinical administration of n-3 PUFAs for the management of chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-related intestinal microbial dysbiosis.

PMID: 30566596 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Assessing Adverse Drug Reactions from Psychotropic Medications Reported to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in Older Adults.

Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2019 02;27(2):181-185

Authors: Gray MP, Dziuba G, Quach K, Wong A, Smithburger PL, Seybert AL, Kane-Gill SL

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Identify trends in adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System in three subpopulations of older adults (ages 55-64, 65-74, 75+) receiving psychotropic medications.
METHODS: Almost 12 years of ADR reports were compiled for adults over 55 years of age receiving psychotropic medications with known side effect profiles. A comparison of the frequency of ADRs reported, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between subpopulations to the whole population of patients aged 55+ was conducted.
RESULTS: ADRs reported in three subpopulations of older adults differed significantly when receiving the same psychotropic medications. For example, reports of increased blood glucose (OR, 1.8, CI, 1.4-2.2) were all significantly increased in the youngest population (55-64).
CONCLUSION: Current classification of age greater than 65 years when evaluating likely ADRs in older adults using psychotropic medications may be inadequate and require further assessment by subpopulations of older adults.

PMID: 30503701 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Efficacy and Safety of Induction Therapy With Calcineurin Inhibitors in Combination With Vedolizumab in Patients With Refractory Ulcerative Colitis.

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 02;17(3):494-501

Authors: Pellet G, Stefanescu C, Carbonnel F, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Roblin X, Allimant C, Nachury M, Nancey S, Filippi J, Altwegg R, Brixi H, Fotsing G, de Rosamel L, Shili S, Laharie D, Groupe d'Etude Thérapeutique des Affections Inflammatoires du tube Digestif

Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Vedolizumab is used to treat patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), although there is a delay before it is effective. Induction therapy with a calcineurin inhibitor (cyclosporine or tacrolimus) in combination with vedolizumab as maintenance therapy could be an option for patients with an active steroid-refractory UC. We assessed the efficacy and safety of this combination.
METHODS: We performed a retrospective observational study, collecting data from 12 referral centers in France that were included in the Groupe d'Etude Thérapeutique des Affections Inflammatoires du tube Digestif. We collected information on 39 patients with an active steroid-refractory UC (31 with active severe UC and 36 failed by treatment with a tumor necrosis factor antagonist) who received a calcineurin inhibitor as induction therapy along with vedolizumab as maintenance therapy. Inclusion date was the first vedolizumab infusion. The outcomes were survival without colectomy, survival without vedolizumab discontinuation, and safety.
RESULTS: After a median follow-up period of 11 months, 11 patients (28%) underwent colectomy. At 12 months, 68% of the patients survived without colectomy (95% CI, 53%-84%) and 44% survived without vedolizumab discontinuation (95% CI, 27%-61%). No deaths occurred and 4 severe adverse events were observed.
CONCLUSIONS: In a retrospective analysis of 39 patients with an active steroid-refractory UC (most refractory to a tumor necrosis factor antagonist), we found that initial treatment with a calcineurin inhibitor in combination with vedolizumab allowed more than two thirds of patients to avoid colectomy. Further studies are needed to assess the safety of this strategy.

PMID: 30213584 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Maintenance Treatment Of Eosinophilic Esophagitis With Swallowed Topical Steroids Alters Disease Course Over A 5-Year Follow-up Period In Adult Patients.

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 02;17(3):419-428.e6

Authors: Greuter T, Safroneeva E, Bussmann C, Biedermann L, Vavricka SR, Katzka DA, Schoepfer AM, Straumann A

Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Although swallowed topical corticosteroids (STCs) are effective in inducing remission of active eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), there are few data on maintenance of long-term remission. We evaluated the long-term effectiveness of STC therapy for adults with EoE.
METHODS: We performed a retrospective study using the Swiss EoE database. We analyzed data on 229 patients with EoE treated with STCs (175 male; mean age at diagnosis, 39±15 years; median time until diagnosis, 6 years) from 2000 through 2014. Patients were followed for a median of 5 years (interquartile range [IQR], 3-7 years). We collected data from 819 follow-up visits on clinical, endoscopic and histological disease characteristics. The primary endpoint was proportions of clinical, endoscopic, and histological remission in all patients and groups, based on the status and duration of STC treatment.
RESULTS: Patients were taking STCs at 336 of the follow-up visits (41.0% of visits). The median duration of STC use before a follow-up visit was 347 days (IQR, 90-750 days) corresponding to 677 doses (IQR, 280-1413 doses) of 0.25 mg each. At the visits, higher proportions of patients who were still taking STCs were in clinical remission (31.0%) compared to patients not taking STCs (4.5%) (P <.001), as well as endoscopic remission (48.8% vs 17.8%; P < .001), histologic remission (44.8% vs 10.1%; P < .001), and complete remission (16.1% vs 1.3%; P < .001). Higher cumulative doses of STCs and longer durations of treatment were associated with higher proportions of clinical and complete remission. No dysplasia or mucosal atrophy was detected. Esophageal candidiasis was observed at 2.7% of visits in patients taking STCs.
CONCLUSION: In an analysis of data from the Swiss EoE database, we found maintenance therapy with STCs to achieve complete remission at 16.1% of follow-up visits, which was higher than in patients receiving no treatment (1.3%). Given the good safety profile of low-dose STC, we advocate for a prolonged treatment. Dose-finding trials are needed to achieve higher remission rates.

PMID: 29902648 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Safety and Efficacy of Combination Treatment With Calcineurin Inhibitors and Vedolizumab in Patients With Refractory Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 02;17(3):486-493

Authors: Christensen B, Gibson PR, Micic D, Colman RJ, Goeppinger SR, Kassim O, Yarur A, Weber CR, Cohen RD, Rubin DT

Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Little is known about the efficacy and safety of induction therapy with calcineurin inhibitors in combination with vedolizumab for patients with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). We analyzed the outcomes of patients receiving vedolizumab along with calcineurin inhibitors.
METHODS: We collected data on patients with CD (n = 9) or UC (n = 11) who began treatment with vedolizumab from May 20, 2014, through March 30, 2015, and received calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus or cyclosporin) during the first 12 months of vedolizumab therapy. Clinical activity scores and inflammatory markers were measured at baseline and at weeks 14, 30, and 52 of vedolizumab treatment. Clinical remission was defined as a Harvey-Bradshaw index score ≤4 or short clinical colitis activity index score ≤2; steroid-free clinical remission was defined as clinical remission without corticosteroids.
RESULTS: By week 14 of treatment, 44% of the patients with CD and 55% of the patients with UC achieved steroid-free clinical remission; after 52 weeks of treatment, 33% of the patients with CD and 45% of the patients with UC were in steroid-free clinical remission. Seven patients received salvage therapy with a calcineurin inhibitor after primary nonresponse to vedolizumab-1 of the 2 patients with UC and 2 of 5 patients with CD stopped taking the calcineurin inhibitors and achieved steroid-free remission at week 52. In total, 16 patients (59%) received 52 weeks of treatment with vedolizumab. Three serious adverse events were associated with calcineurin inhibitors.
CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy of vedolizumab with either cyclosporin or tacrolimus is effective and safe at inducing and maintaining clinical remission in patients with CD and UC with up to 52 weeks of follow-up evaluation. Larger studies of the ability of calcineurin inhibitors to induce remission in patients on vedolizumab are warranted.

PMID: 29751166 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Genetic testing for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 suggests improved outcome for antidepressant and antipsychotic medication.

Psychiatry Res. 2019 09;279:111-115

Authors: Walden LM, Brandl EJ, Tiwari AK, Cheema S, Freeman N, Braganza N, Kennedy JL, Müller DJ

Abstract
Individuals carrying genetic variants that result in non-extensive CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 enzyme activity seem to be more prone to non-response and side-effects of psychotropic medications. Therefore, tailoring prescriptions using genetic information may improve patient outcomes. This study examined treatment outcome in psychiatric care after CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genetic information was provided to patients and physicians. CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotyping, assessment of side effects and medical histories were obtained from 80 subjects who were prescribed either antidepressant or antipsychotic medications. Our measure of outcome was mainly physicians' opinions however UKU side effects scores were also used. For CYP2D6, we calculated an activity score based on genotype and psychiatric medications. Correlation analysis was performed for CYP2D6 activity scores and UKU scores. Overall, we received supportive responses from physicians who enrolled patients in our study. Notably, while almost every fourth physician reported improvement in patient outcome, not a single physician indicated that their patient's symptoms worsened after they had used a pharmacogenetic report to guide treatment. We did not observe statistically significant differences in side effects. Overall, our results suggest improved patient outcome following pharmacogenetic testing; nonetheless, more research is required to assess the exact benefit of pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

PMID: 29699889 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

16 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

("drug-induced" OR "drug-related") AND ("adverse events" OR "side effects" OR "side-effects")

These pubmed results were generated on 2020/03/31

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

16 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

("drug-induced" OR "drug-related") AND ("adverse events" OR "side effects" OR "side-effects")

These pubmed results were generated on 2020/03/31

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.