28 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"systems biology"

These pubmed results were generated on 2019/02/14

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

58 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"systems biology"

These pubmed results were generated on 2019/02/13

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

54 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"systems biology"

These pubmed results were generated on 2019/02/13

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

23 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"systems biology"

These pubmed results were generated on 2019/02/12

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

Tuberculosis infection among the elderly in 20,486 rural residents aged 50-70 years old in Zhongmu County, China.

Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019 Feb 07;:

Authors: Xin H, Zhang H, Liu J, Pan S, Li X, Cao X, Feng B, Guan L, Shen F, Liu Z, Wang D, Yan J, Zhang M, Yang Q, Jin Q, Gao L

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Elderly in rural China has been known to be at increased risk of contracting tuberculosis (TB) infection and developing active disease. This study aims to estimate the burden of TB infection and to identify potential targeted subgroups for infection control.
METHODS: As a part of the investigation of an interventional study, 50-70 years old rural residents in Zhongmu County were targeted for TB infection testing by QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT). Questionnaires and physical examinations were conducted to acquire their demographic information and health status.
RESULTS: A total of 20,486 subjects were included in the analysis of TB infection. The prevalence of QFT positivity was 20.79% (4,259/20,486) and 50 participants (0.24%) were reported with indeterminate results. A positive dose-response relation was found for QFT positivity with smoking intensity. As compared with non-drinkers, the risk of TB infection was lower among participants with moderate alcohol consumption (<10 g/day) with adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.82 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.71-0.94). In addition, male, with a history of prior TB or silicosis, and hepatitis B/C virus infection were associated with increased risk of TB infection. Indeterminate QFT result was related to underweight with adjusted OR of 3.18 (95% CI, 1.09-9.26).
CONCLUSIONS: Our result supported that there was a high burden of TB infection among elderly in rural area. Smokers, individuals with a history of prior TB or silicosis, and those with hepatitis B/C infection should be prioritized for TB infection control to reduce the risk of disease development from a new infection.

PMID: 30738995 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Human cathelicidin peptide LL-37 as a therapeutic antiviral targeting Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infections.

Antiviral Res. 2019 Feb 07;:

Authors: Ahmed A, Siman-Tov G, Keck F, Kortchak S, Bakovic A, Risner K, Lu TK, Bhalla N, de la Fuente-Nunez C, Narayanan A

Abstract
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), a new world alphavirus belonging to the Togaviridae family, causes periodic disease outbreaks in humans and equines with high associated mortality and morbidity. VEEV is highly infectious via the aerosol route and so has been developed as a biological weapon (Hawley and Eitzen, 2001). Despite its current classification as a category B select agent, there are no FDA approved vaccines or therapeutics to counter VEEV infections. Here we utilize a naturally occurring host defense peptide, LL-37, as a therapeutic strategy to inhibit VEEV multiplication in infected cells. LL-37 has previously demonstrated activity against several viruses by directly interacting with viral particles and indirectly by establishing an antiviral state in the host cell. We show that LL-37 exhibited potent antiviral activity against VEEV by inhibiting viral replication. Genomic RNA copies of the TC-83 strain of VEEV and viral titers were significantly reduced compared to non-treated controls. LL-37 also inhibited the virulent Trinidad Donkey (TrD) strain of VEEV. Entry assays revealed a robust reduction of viral RNA copies at the early stages of TC-83 infection. Pre-incubation of cells with LL-37 and TC-83 resulted in a strong inhibitory response, indicating that LL-37 impacts early stages of the infectious process. Confocal and electron microscopy images confirmed the aggregation of viral particles, which potentially accounts for entry prevention and hence reduced viral infection. LL-37 treatment also modulated type I interferon (IFN) expression in infected cells. LL-37 treatment dramatically increased IFNβ1 expression in treated cells in a time-dependent manner. Our results establish LL-37 as a relevant and novel potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of VEEV infections.

PMID: 30738837 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

The isoquinoline alkaloid berberine inhibits human cytomegalovirus replication by interfering with the viral Immediate Early-2 (IE2) protein transactivating activity.

Antiviral Res. 2019 Feb 07;:

Authors: Luganini A, Mercorelli B, Messa L, Palù G, Gribaudo G, Loregian A

Abstract
The identification and validation of new small molecules able to inhibit the replication of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) remains a priority to develop alternatives to the currently used DNA polymerase inhibitors, which are often burdened by long-term toxicity and emergence of cross-resistance. To contribute to this advancement, here we report on the characterization of the mechanism of action of a bioactive plant-derived alkaloid, berberine (BBR), selected in a previous drug repurposing screen expressly devised to identify early inhibitors of HCMV replication. Low micromolar concentrations of BBR were confirmed to suppress the replication of different HCMV strains, including clinical isolates and strains resistant to approved DNA polymerase inhibitors. Analysis of the HCMV replication cycle in infected cells treated with BBR then revealed that the bioactive compound compromised the progression of virus cycle at a stage prior to viral DNA replication and Early (E) genes expression, but after Immediate-Early (IE) proteins expression. Mechanistic studies in fact highlighted that BBR interferes with the transactivating functions of the viral IE2 protein, thus impairing efficient E gene expression and the progression of HCMV replication cycle. Finally, the mechanism of the antiviral activity of BBR appears to be conserved among different CMVs, since BBR suppressed murine CMV (MCMV) replication and inhibited the transactivation of the prototypic MCMV E1 gene by the IE3 protein, the murine homolog of IE2. Together, these observations warrant for further experimentation to obtain proof of concept that BBR could represent an attractive candidate for alternative anti-HCMV therapeutic strategies.

PMID: 30738836 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Mutational analysis of gyrB at amino acids: G481A & D505A in multidrug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis patients.

J Infect Public Health. 2019 Feb 06;:

Authors: Mahmood N, Abbas SN, Faraz N, Shahid S

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The MDR (multidrug resistance) tuberculosis is a serious public health concern. Fluoroquinolones are in use to treat tuberculosis, but M. tuberculosis strains have now become resistant due to several mutations in different genes. We evaluated mutations in gyrB gene at amino acid positions G481A and D505A of M. tuberculosis by semi-multiplex allele specific (MAS) PCR.
METHODS: The information on gender, age, type of tuberculosis (TB), positive/negative for MDR-TB and HIV infection was gathered. The genomic DNA isolation from sputum culture samples (n=53) was carried out by non-column based method. The gyrB mutations were investigated by using self-designed primers in semi MAS-PCR, at mentioned amino acid positions.
RESULTS: There were 38% male patients and 62% were female patients. Most of MDR-TB patients (58.5%) were in the age between 16-30years. There were 90.5% cases of pulmonary TB and 9.4% cases of extra pulmonary TB. Only 1.8% patients were co-infected with HIV. The 24 samples had mutation in gyrB gene out of 53 (45.28%), on both of positions of amino acids Gly481Ala and Asp505Ala. All samples had mutations at Gly481Ala, whereas, 24 samples (45.28%) had mutations at Asp505Ala.
CONCLUSION: Mutations at amino acids positions 481 and 505 were involved in MDR-TB, which could further develop into an extensively-drug resistance (XDR) TB. Therefore, there is a need to explore all mutations in gyrB gene in MDR-TB, because it can result in a Fluoroquinolones resistance.

PMID: 30738756 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

13 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"systems biology"

These pubmed results were generated on 2019/02/10

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

44 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"systems biology"

These pubmed results were generated on 2019/02/09

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

42 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"systems biology"

These pubmed results were generated on 2019/02/09

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

20 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"systems biology"

These pubmed results were generated on 2019/02/08

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

17 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"systems biology"

These pubmed results were generated on 2019/02/07

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

38 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"systems biology"

These pubmed results were generated on 2019/02/06

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

50 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"systems biology"

These pubmed results were generated on 2019/02/05

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

50 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"systems biology"

These pubmed results were generated on 2019/02/05

PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

A role for taste receptors in (neuro)endocrinology?

J Neuroendocrinol. 2019 Feb 03;:e12691

Authors: Behrens M, Meyerhof W

Abstract
The sense of taste is placed at the forefront when it comes to the interaction of our body with food-borne chemicals. However, the role of our taste system and, in particular its associated taste receptors, is not limited to drive food preferences leading to ingestion or rejection before other organs take over responsibility for nutrient digestion, absorption, and metabolic regulation, taste sensory elements do much more. On the one hand extra-oral taste receptors from brain to gut continue to sense nutrients and noxious substances after ingestion and, on the other hand, the nutritional state is acting backwards on the taste system. This intricate regulatory network is orchestrated by endocrine factors secreted in response to taste receptor signaling and, in turn regulating taste receptor cells themselves. This work summarizes current knowledge on the endocrine regulation of the taste perceptual system and the release of hunger/satiety regulating factors by gastrointestinal taste receptors. Furthermore, the regulation of blood glucose levels through the activation of pancreatic sweet taste receptors and subsequent insulin secretion as well as the influences of bitter compounds on thyroid hormone release will be addressed. Finally, central effects of tastants will be discussed briefly. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID: 30712315 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Enhancing the Functionality of a Microscale Bioreactor System as an Industrial Process Development Tool for Mammalian Perfusion Culture.

Biotechnol Bioeng. 2019 Feb 03;:

Authors: Sewell DJ, Turner R, Field R, Holmes W, Pradhan R, Spencer C, Oliver SG, Slater NK, Dikicioglu D

Abstract
Without a scale-down model for perfusion, high resource demand makes cell line screening or process development challenging; therefore potentially successful cell lines or perfusion processes are unrealised and their ability untapped. We present here the re-functioning of a high capacity microscale system that is typically employed in fed-batch process development to allow perfusion operation utilising in situ gravity settling and automated sampling. In this low resource setting, which involved routine perturbations in mixing, pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations, the specific productivity and the maximum cell concentration were higher than 3.0x106 mg/cell/day and 7x107 cells/ml, respectively, across replicate microscale perfusion runs conducted at one vessel volume exchange per day. A comparative analysis was conducted at bench scale with vessels operated in perfusion mode utilising a cell retention device. Neither specific productivity nor product quality indicated by product aggregation [6%] was significantly different across scales 19 days post inoculation, thus demonstrating this setup to be a suitable and reliable platform for evaluating the performance of cell lines and the effect of process parameters relevant to perfusion mode of culturing. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID: 30712286 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Sub- or supercritical transmissibilities in a finite disease outbreak: Symmetry in outbreak properties of a disease conditioned on extinction.

J Theor Biol. 2019 Jan 31;:

Authors: Waxman D, Nouvellet P

Abstract
This work is concerned with the transmissibility of a disease, on observation of an outbreak of limited size. When such an outbreak occurs, an accurate estimate of the transmissibility of the responsible pathogen is essential for an appropriate response to future outbreaks. Transmissibility is usually characterised in terms of the reproduction number, R, which is the mean number of new cases of infection produced by a single infectious individual. A subcritical reproduction number (R<1) guarantees that an outbreak will eventually die out of its own accord. By contrast, a supercritical reproduction number (R>1) does not guarantee spread of the disease, since even with appreciable transmissibility, an outbreak may become extinct due to stochastic effects associated with a small number of infected individuals. Once the number of infectious individuals is conditioned on extinction, we show that an exact symmetry of the underlying theory ensures two distinct values of R, one larger than unity, the other smaller than unity, for which all outbreak properties are identical, with no signature of difference. Therefore a disease with a subcritical R, or its supercritical counterpart, when conditioned on extinction, have, for a given outbreak, identical individual likelihoods. In the full likelihood, this symmetry is lost, since the individual likelihood for a subcritical R is weighted by an extinction probability of unity, but the individual likelihood of a supercritical R is weighted by a sub-unity extinction probability. However, the inference can still benefit from the underlying symmetry, since it yields a mapping of all supercritical reproduction numbers onto the subcritical domain (R<1), thereby speeding up evaluation of the likelihood profile. The symmetry holds in the standard situation, where the distribution of secondary cases is Poisson, as well as where this distribution has a negative binomial form and super-spreading can occur.

PMID: 30711456 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Ensembles, Dynamics, and Cell Types: Revisiting the Statistical Mechanics Perspective on Cellular Regulation.

J Theor Biol. 2019 Jan 31;:

Authors: Bornholdt S, Kauffman S

Abstract
Genetic regulatory networks control ontogeny. For fifty years Boolean networks have served as models of such systems, ranging from ensembles of random Boolean networks as models for generic properties of gene regulation to working dynamical models of a growing number of sub-networks of real cells. At the same time, their statistical mechanics has been thoroughly studied. Here we recapitulate their original motivation in the context of current theoretical and empirical research. We discuss ensembles of random Boolean networks whose dynamical attractors model cell types. A sub-ensemble is the critical ensemble. There is now strong evidence that genetic regulatory networks are dynamically critical, and that evolution is exploring the critical sub-ensemble. The generic properties of this sub-ensemble predict essential features of cell differentiation. In particular, the number of attractors in such networks scales as the DNA content raised to the 0.63 power. Data on the number of cell types as a function of the DNA content per cell shows a scaling relationship of 0.88. Thus, the theory correctly predicts a power law relationship between the number of cell types and the DNA contents per cell, and a comparable slope. We discuss these new scaling values and show prospects for new research lines for Boolean networks as a base model for systems biology.

PMID: 30711453 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]