Funding Opportunity PAR-18-132 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages research grant applications from investigators who propose to study research topics in blood banking and transfusion medicine aimed at improving the safety and availability of the blood supply and the practice of transfusion medicine. Research focused on improving blood donor health, the safety and availability of blood products, and improving the practice of transfusion medicine is critical to public health. Research designed to better understand the determinants of transfusion-associated adverse events and how best to minimize transfusion risks is also important. Research is also needed to maintain an adequate blood supply by minimizing the risks associated with the donation process and developing enhanced recruitment and retention programs.

Funding Opportunity PAR-18-126 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages research grant applications from investigators who propose to study research topics in blood banking and transfusion medicine aimed at improving the safety and availability of the blood supply and the practice of transfusion medicine. Research focused on improving blood donor health, the safety and availability of blood products, and improving the practice of transfusion medicine is critical to public health. Research designed to better understand the determinants of transfusion-associated adverse events and how best to minimize transfusion risks is also important. Research is also needed to maintain an adequate blood supply by minimizing the risks associated with the donation process and developing enhanced recruitment and retention programs.

Funding Opportunity PAR-18-291 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. The Transitions to Independent Environmental Health (TIEHR) Career Award is a 3-year bridge scholar development program for newly independent faculty who intend to pursue research careers in environmental health sciences. At the conclusion of the career development period the candidates are expected to demonstrate they can successfully compete for research funding in the environmental health sciences.

Funding Opportunity PAR-18-174 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. The goal of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to provide funding support for the pre-clinical and early stage clinical (Phase I) development ofsmall-molecule and biologic therapeutic agents that prevent Alzheimer's disease (AD), slow its progression or treat its cognitive and behavioral symptoms.Participants in this program will receive funding for therapy development activities such as medicinal chemistry, pharmacokinetics (PK), Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, Toxicology (ADMET), efficacy in animal models, formulation development, chemical synthesis under Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Investigational New Drug (IND) enabling studies and initial Phase I clinical testing. This program does not support research on basic mechanisms of disease, development of biomarkers, devices, non-pharmacological interventions (e.g., exercise, diet, cognitive training), repurposed drugs and combinations therapies or, discovery activities such as high throughput screening and hit optimization.

Funding Opportunity PAR-18-261 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. The Transitions to Independent Environmental Health (TIEHR) Career Award is a 3-year bridge scholar development program for newly independent faculty who intend to pursue research careers in environmental health sciences. At the conclusion of the career development period the candidates are expected to demonstrate they can successfully compete for research funding in the environmental health sciences.

Funding Opportunity PAR-18-064 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will support pilot, feasibility or exploratory research in 5 priority areas in substance use epidemiology and health services, including: 1) responses to sudden and severe emerging drug issues (e.g. the ability to look into a large and sudden spike in synthetic cannabinoid use/overdoses in a particular community); 2) responses to emerging marijuana trends and topics related to the shifting policy landscape; 3) responses to unexpected and time-sensitive prescription drug abuse research opportunities (e.g.,new state or local efforts); 4) responses to unexpected and time-sensitive medical system issues (e.g. opportunities to understand addiction services in the evolving health care system); and 5) responses to unexpected and time-sensitive criminal or juvenile justice opportunities (e.g. new system and/or structural level changes) that relate to drug abuse and access and provision of health care service. It should be clear that the knowledge gained from the proposed study is time-sensitive and that an expedited rapid review and funding are required in order for the scientific question to be answered.

Funding Opportunity PAR-18-051 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites applications for human studies to elucidate the etiology and pathogenesis of the increased risk for neurocognitive impairment associated with type 2 diabetes.

Funding Opportunity PAR-18-019 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages research on how the healthcare delivery system enhances or inhibits the effectiveness of a provider's recommendation of the adolescent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Characteristics of the provider, parent/patient, and clinical setting, can all affect whether a provider makes a recommendation, and whether that recommendation results in uptake of the HPV vaccine. This research requires expertise in cancer prevention, adult and childhood behavior, immunization promotion, and healthcare delivery

Funding Opportunity PAR-18-008 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages research on how the healthcare delivery system enhances or inhibits the effectiveness of a provider's recommendation of the adolescent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Characteristics of the provider, parent/patient, and clinical setting, can all affect whether a provider makes a recommendation, and whether that recommendation results in uptake of the HPV vaccine. This research requires expertise in cancer prevention, adult and childhood behavior, immunization promotion, and healthcare delivery.

Notice NOT-TW-18-002 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts

Notice NOT-TW-18-001 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts

Funding Opportunity PA-18-351 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. The purpose of this FOA is to encourage applications that seek to conduct studies of the visual system. This FOA will support applications that either Those that involve human subjects, but are not NIH-defined clinical trials (see NOT-OD-15-015); or Those that are NIH-defined clinical trials and are designed to address either: 1) mechanisms underlying human vision in health and disease; or 2) interventions that entail procedures with minimal risk to subjects. A mechanistic trial is defined as "A study designed to understand a biological or behavioral process, the pathophysiology of a disease, or the mechanism of action of an intervention. "Minimal risk" means that the probability and magnitude of harm or discomfort anticipated in the research are not greater in and of themselves than those ordinarily encountered in daily life or during the performance of routine physical or psychological examinations or tests. NIH-defined clinical trial applications that are neither mechanistic nor minimal risk are not eligible for this FOA. Large-scale clinical trials, human gene-transfer and stem cell therapy trials, and other complex or high resource- or safety-risk clinical trials are not appropriate for this FOA. Applicants are strongly advised to consult with NEI program staff prior to submitting an application with human subjects to determine the appropriate funding opportunity.

Funding Opportunity RFA-NS-18-011 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage applications to pursue translational activities and small clinical studies to advance the development of therapeutic, and diagnostic devices for disorders that affect the nervous or neuromuscular systems. The translational device activities, including translational bench and animal studies, are expected to lead to submission of an Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or Institutional Review Board (IRB) application for a Non-Significant Risk (NSR) study. This cooperative agreement will also support the subsequent small clinical study to collect safety and effectiveness data required to support a marketing application or to inform final device design.

Funding Opportunity RFA-NS-18-012 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage applications from Small Business Concerns (SBCs) to pursue translational activities and small clinical studies to advance the development of therapeutic and diagnostic devices for disorders that affect the nervous or neuromuscular systems. The translational device activities, including translational bench and animal studies, are expected to lead to submission of an Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or Institutional Review Board (IRB) application for a Non-Significant Risk (NSR) study. This cooperative agreement will also support the subsequent small clinical study to collect safety and effectiveness data required to support a marketing application or to inform final device design.

Notice NOT-GM-18-005 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts

Funding Opportunity RFA-MH-18-510 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. The purpose of the BRAIN Initiative Fellows (F32) program is to enhance the research training of promising postdoctorates, early in their postdoctoral training period, who have the potential to become productive investigators in research areas that will advance the goals of the BRAIN Initiative. Applications are encouraged in any research area that is aligned with the BRAIN Initiative, including neuroethics. Applicants are expected to propose research training in an area that clearly complements their predoctoral research. Formal training in analytical tools appropriate for the proposed research is expected to be an integral component of the research training plan. In order to maximize the training potential of the F32 award, this program encourages applications from individuals who have not yet completed their terminal doctoral degree and who expect to do so within 12 months of the application due date. On the application due date, candidates may not have completed more than 12 months of postdoctoral training.

Funding Opportunity RFA-MH-18-610 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites research grant applications to decipher pathways and mechanisms responsible for HIV-1 induced central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction seen in virally suppressed HIV-1 positive patients, by understanding the causal role played by altered neuronal circuits, neuronal receptors and neuronal networks. Basic and translational research in domestic and international settings are of interest. Multidisciplinary research teams and collaborative alliances are encouraged but not required.

Funding Opportunity RFA-MH-18-611 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites research grant applications to decipher pathways and mechanisms responsible for HIV-1 induced central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction seen in virally suppressed HIV-1 positive patients, by understanding the causal role played by altered neuronal circuits, neuronal receptors and neuronal networks. Basic and translational research in domestic and international settings are of interest. Multidisciplinary research teams and collaborative alliances are encouraged but not required.

Notice NOT-TR-18-002 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts

Notice NOT-TR-18-003 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts